H.R.2638: Making appropriations for the Department of Homeland Security for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2008, and for other purposes.

Back to Main Bill Page

September 24, 2008 Roll call number 632 in the House
Question On Motion to Concur in Senate Amendment with Amendment: H R 2638 Making appropriations for the Department of Homeland Security for fiscal year ending September 30, 2008
Ayes: 370 (Democrat: 223; Republican: 146)**
Nays: 58 (Democrat: 7; Republican: 51)
Abstained: 4 (Democrat: 3; Republican: 1)
Present: 1
Required percentage of 'Aye' votes: 1/2 (50%)
Percentage of 'aye' votes: 85%
Result: Passed

Votes by Representative

NameVoted
Neil Abercrombie Aye
Gary L. Ackerman Aye
Rep. Robert B. Aderholt [R, AL-4] Aye
W. Todd Akin Aye
Rep. Rodney Alexander [R, LA-5] Aye
Tom Allen Aye
Jason Altmire Aye
Rep. Robert E. Andrews [D, NJ-1] Aye
Michael Arcuri Aye
Joe Baca Aye
Rep. Michele Bachmann [R, MN-6] Aye
Rep. Spencer Bachus [R, AL-6] Aye
Brian Baird Aye
Sen. Tammy Baldwin [D, WI] Aye
J. Gresham Barrett Nay
Rep. John Barrow [D, GA-12] Aye
Roscoe G. Bartlett Aye
Rep. Joe Barton [R, TX-6] Aye
Melissa Bean Aye
Rep. Xavier Becerra [D, CA-34] Aye
Shelley Berkley Aye
Howard L. Berman Aye
Marion Berry Aye
Judy Biggert Aye
Brian P. Bilbray Aye
Rep. Gus M. Bilirakis [R, FL-12] Aye
Rep. Sanford D. Bishop Jr. [D, GA-2] Aye
Rep. Timothy H. Bishop [D, NY-1] Aye
Rep. Rob Bishop [R, UT-1] Abstain
Rep. Marsha Blackburn [R, TN-7] Nay
Rep. Earl Blumenauer [D, OR-3] Nay
Sen. Roy Blunt [R, MO] Nay
Rep. John A. Boehner [R, OH-8] Nay
Rep. Jo Bonner [R, AL-1] Aye
Mary Bono Mack Aye
Sen. John Boozman [R, AR] Aye
Dan Boren Aye
Leonard L. Boswell Aye
Rick Boucher Aye
Rep. Charles W. Boustany Jr. [R, LA-3] Aye
Allen Boyd Aye
Nancy Boyda Aye
Rep. Kevin Brady [R, TX-8] Aye
Rep. Robert A. Brady [D, PA-1] Aye
Rep. Bruce L. Braley [D, IA-1] Aye
Rep. Paul C. Broun [R, GA-10] Nay
Henry Brown Aye
Rep. Corrine Brown [D, FL-5] Aye
Ginny Brown-Waite Aye
Rep. Vern Buchanan [R, FL-16] Aye
Rep. Michael C. Burgess [R, TX-26] Aye
Dan Burton Nay
Rep. G. K. Butterfield [D, NC-1] Aye
Steve Buyer Aye
Rep. Ken Calvert [R, CA-42] Aye
Rep. Dave Camp [R, MI-4] Aye
Rep. John Campbell [R, CA-45] Present
Chris Cannon Nay
Rep. Eric Cantor [R, VA-7] Nay
Rep. Shelley Moore Capito [R, WV-2] Aye
Rep. Lois Capps [D, CA-24] Aye
Rep. Michael E. Capuano [D, MA-7] Aye
Dennis Cardoza Aye
Russ Carnahan Aye
Christopher Carney Aye
Rep. André Carson [D, IN-7] Aye
Rep. John R. Carter [R, TX-31] Aye
Michael Castle Aye
Rep. Kathy Castor [D, FL-14] Aye
Donald Cazayoux Aye
Rep. Steve Chabot [R, OH-1] Aye
Ben Chandler Aye
Travis Childers Aye
Rep. Yvette D. Clarke [D, NY-9] Aye
Rep. Wm. Lacy Clay [D, MO-1] Aye
Rep. Emanuel Cleaver [D, MO-5] Aye
Rep. James E. Clyburn [D, SC-6] Aye
Rep. Howard Coble [R, NC-6] Aye
Rep. Steve Cohen [D, TN-9] Aye
Rep. Tom Cole [R, OK-4] Aye
Rep. K. Michael Conaway [R, TX-11] Aye
Rep. John Conyers Jr. [D, MI-13] Aye
Rep. Jim Cooper [D, TN-5] Aye
Rep. Jim Costa [D, CA-16] Aye
Jerry F. Costello Aye
Rep. Joe Courtney [D, CT-2] Aye
Bud Cramer Aye
Rep. Ander Crenshaw [R, FL-4] Aye
Rep. Joseph Crowley [D, NY-14] Aye
Barbara Cubin Nay
Rep. Henry Cuellar [D, TX-28] Aye
Rep. John Abney Culberson [R, TX-7] Aye
Rep. Elijah E. Cummings [D, MD-7] Aye
Tom Davis Aye
Artur Davis Aye
Rep. Susan A. Davis [D, CA-53] Aye
Rep. Danny K. Davis [D, IL-7] Aye
Geoff Davis Nay
David Davis Nay
Lincoln Davis Aye
Nathan Deal Nay
Rep. Peter A. DeFazio [D, OR-4] Nay
Rep. Diana DeGette [D, CO-1] Aye
Bill Delahunt Aye
Rep. Rosa L. DeLauro [D, CT-3] Aye
Rep. Charles W. Dent [R, PA-15] Aye
Rep. Mario Diaz-Balart [R, FL-25] Aye
Lincoln Diaz-Balart Aye
Norman D. Dicks Aye
Rep. John D. Dingell [D, MI-12] Aye
Rep. Lloyd Doggett [D, TX-35] Aye
Sen. Joe Donnelly [D, IN] Aye
John Doolittle Aye
Rep. Michael F. Doyle [D, PA-14] Aye
Thelma Drake Aye
David Dreier Aye
Rep. John J. Duncan Jr. [R, TN-2] Nay
Chet Edwards Aye
Vernon Ehlers Aye
Rep. Keith Ellison [D, MN-5] Aye
Brad Ellsworth Aye
Rahm Emanuel Aye
Jo Ann Emerson Aye
Rep. Eliot L. Engel [D, NY-16] Aye
Phil English Aye
Rep. Anna G. Eshoo [D, CA-18] Aye
Bob Etheridge Aye
Terry Everett Aye
Mary Fallin Aye
Rep. Sam Farr [D, CA-20] Aye
Rep. Chaka Fattah [D, PA-2] Aye
Tom Feeney Aye
Mike Ferguson Aye
Bob Filner Aye
Sen. Jeff Flake [R, AZ] Nay
Rep. J. Randy Forbes [R, VA-4] Aye
Rep. Jeff Fortenberry [R, NE-1] Aye
Vito Fossella Nay
Rep. Bill Foster [D, IL-11] Aye
Rep. Virginia Foxx [R, NC-5] Nay
Barney Frank Aye
Rep. Trent Franks [R, AZ-8] Nay
Rep. Rodney P. Frelinghuysen [R, NJ-11] Aye
Elton Gallegly Aye
Rep. Scott Garrett [R, NJ-5] Nay
Rep. Jim Gerlach [R, PA-6] Aye
Gabrielle Giffords Aye
Wayne Gilchrest Aye
Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand [D, NY] Aye
Rep. Phil Gingrey [R, GA-11] Aye
Rep. Louie Gohmert [R, TX-1] Aye
Charles A. Gonzalez Aye
Virgil Goode Nay
Rep. Bob Goodlatte [R, VA-6] Nay
Bart Gordon Aye
Rep. Kay Granger [R, TX-12] Aye
Rep. Sam Graves [R, MO-6] Aye
Rep. Gene Green [D, TX-29] Aye
Rep. Al Green [D, TX-9] Aye
Rep. Raúl M. Grijalva [D, AZ-3] Aye
Rep. Luis V. Gutierrez [D, IL-4] Aye
John Hall Aye
Rep. Ralph M. Hall [R, TX-4] Aye
Phil Hare Aye
Jane Harman Aye
Rep. Alcee L. Hastings [D, FL-20] Aye
Rep. Doc Hastings [R, WA-4] Nay
Robin Hayes Aye
Sen. Dean Heller [R, NV] Aye
Rep. Jeb Hensarling [R, TX-5] Nay
Wally Herger Nay
Stephanie Herseth Sandlin Aye
Rep. Brian Higgins [D, NY-26] Aye
Baron Hill Aye
Maurice D. Hinchey Aye
Rep. Rubén Hinojosa [D, TX-15] Aye
Sen. Mazie K. Hirono [D, HI] Aye
Dave Hobson Aye
Paul Hodes Aye
Pete Hoekstra Aye
Tim Holden Aye
Rep. Rush Holt [D, NJ-12] Aye
Rep. Michael M. Honda [D, CA-17] Aye
Darlene Hooley Aye
Rep. Steny H. Hoyer [D, MD-5] Aye
Kenny Hulshof Aye
Duncan Hunter Aye
Bob Inglis Nay
Jay Inslee Aye
Rep. Steve Israel [D, NY-3] Aye
Rep. Darrell E. Issa [R, CA-49] Nay
Jesse L. Jackson Jr. Aye
Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee [D, TX-18] Aye
William Jefferson Abstain
Rep. Eddie Bernice Johnson [D, TX-30] Aye
Timothy V. Johnson Nay
Rep. Sam Johnson [R, TX-3] Aye
Rep. Henry C. "Hank" Johnson Jr. [D, GA-4] Aye
Rep. Walter B. Jones [R, NC-3] Nay
Rep. Jim Jordan [R, OH-4] Nay
Steve Kagen Aye
Paul Kanjorski Aye
Rep. Marcy Kaptur [D, OH-9] Aye
Ric Keller Aye
Patrick Kennedy Aye
Dale E. Kildee Aye
Carolyn Kilpatrick Aye
Rep. Ron Kind [D, WI-3] Aye
Rep. Steve King [R, IA-4] Nay
Rep. Peter T. King [R, NY-2] Aye
Rep. Jack Kingston [R, GA-1] Aye
Sen. Mark Kirk [R, IL] Aye
Ron Klein Aye
Rep. John Kline [R, MN-2] Aye
Joe Knollenberg Aye
Dennis J. Kucinich Nay
Randy Kuhl Aye
Ray LaHood Aye
Rep. Doug Lamborn [R, CO-5] Nay
Nick Lampson Aye
Rep. James R. Langevin [D, RI-2] Aye
Rep. Rick Larsen [D, WA-2] Aye
Rep. John B. Larson [D, CT-1] Aye
Rep. Tom Latham [R, IA-3] Aye
Steven C. LaTourette Aye
Rep. Robert E. Latta [R, OH-5] Aye
Rep. Barbara Lee [D, CA-13] Nay
Rep. Sander M. Levin [D, MI-9] Aye
Rep. John Lewis [D, GA-5] Aye
Ron Lewis Aye
Jerry Lewis Aye
John Linder Nay
Rep. Daniel Lipinski [D, IL-3] Aye
Rep. Frank A. LoBiondo [R, NJ-2] Aye
Rep. David Loebsack [D, IA-2] Aye
Rep. Zoe Lofgren [D, CA-19] Aye
Rep. Nita M. Lowey [D, NY-17] Aye
Rep. Frank D. Lucas [R, OK-3] Aye
Daniel E. Lungren Aye
Rep. Stephen F. Lynch [D, MA-8] Aye
Connie Mack Nay
Tim Mahoney Aye
Rep. Carolyn B. Maloney [D, NY-12] Aye
Donald A. Manzullo Aye
Rep. Kenny Marchant [R, TX-24] Aye
Rep. Edward J. Markey [D, MA-5] Aye
Jim Marshall Aye
Rep. Jim Matheson [D, UT-4] Aye
Rep. Doris O. Matsui [D, CA-6] Aye
Rep. Kevin McCarthy [R, CA-23] Aye
Rep. Carolyn McCarthy [D, NY-4] Aye
Rep. Michael T. McCaul [R, TX-10] Aye
Rep. Betty McCollum [D, MN-4] Aye
Thad McCotter Aye
Jim McCrery Aye
Rep. Jim McDermott [D, WA-7] Nay
Rep. James P. McGovern [D, MA-2] Aye
Rep. Patrick T. McHenry [R, NC-10] Aye
John McHugh Aye
Rep. Mike McIntyre [D, NC-7] Aye
Rep. Howard P. "Buck" McKeon [R, CA-25] Aye
Rep. Cathy McMorris Rodgers [R, WA-5] Aye
Rep. Jerry McNerney [D, CA-9] Aye
Michael McNulty Aye
Kendrick Meek Aye
Rep. Gregory W. Meeks [D, NY-5] Aye
Charles Melancon Aye
Rep. John L. Mica [R, FL-7] Nay
Rep. Michael H. Michaud [D, ME-2] Aye
Rep. Gary G. Miller [R, CA-31] Aye
Brad Miller Aye
Rep. Candice S. Miller [R, MI-10] Aye
Rep. Jeff Miller [R, FL-1] Aye
Rep. George Miller [D, CA-11] Aye
Harry Mitchell Aye
Alan Mollohan Aye
Dennis Moore Aye
Rep. Gwen Moore [D, WI-4] Aye
Rep. James P. Moran [D, VA-8] Aye
Sen. Jerry Moran [R, KS] Nay
Sen. Christopher Murphy [D, CT] Aye
Patrick Murphy Aye
Rep. Tim Murphy [R, PA-18] Aye
John Murtha Aye
Marilyn Musgrave Aye
Sue Wilkins Myrick Aye
Rep. Jerrold Nadler [D, NY-10] Aye
Rep. Grace F. Napolitano [D, CA-32] Aye
Rep. Richard E. Neal [D, MA-1] Aye
Rep. Randy Neugebauer [R, TX-19] Aye
Rep. Devin Nunes [R, CA-22] Aye
James Oberstar Aye
Dave Obey Aye
John W. Olver Aye
Solomon Ortiz Aye
Rep. Frank Pallone Jr. [D, NJ-6] Aye
Rep. Bill Pascrell Jr. [D, NJ-9] Aye
Rep. Ed Pastor [D, AZ-7] Aye
Ron Paul Nay
Donald Payne Aye
Rep. Stevan Pearce [R, NM-2] Aye
Mike Pence Nay
Rep. Ed Perlmutter [D, CO-7] Aye
Rep. Collin C. Peterson [D, MN-7] Aye
John Peterson Aye
Rep. Thomas E. Petri [R, WI-6] Nay
Chip Pickering Aye
Rep. Joseph R. Pitts [R, PA-16] Nay
Todd Russell Platts Aye
Rep. Ted Poe [R, TX-2] Aye
Earl Pomeroy Aye
Jon Porter Aye
Rep. Tom Price [R, GA-6] Nay
Rep. David E. Price [D, NC-4] Aye
Deborah Pryce Aye
Adam Putnam Aye
George Radanovich Aye
Rep. Nick J. Rahall II [D, WV-3] Aye
Jim Ramstad Aye
Rep. Charles B. Rangel [D, NY-13] Aye
Ralph Regula Aye
Denny Rehberg Aye
Rep. David G. Reichert [R, WA-8] Aye
Rick Renzi Aye
Silvestre Reyes Aye
Thomas Reynolds Aye
Laura Richardson Aye
Ciro Rodriguez Aye
Rep. Harold Rogers [R, KY-5] Aye
Rep. Mike Rogers [R, AL-3] Aye
Rep. Mike Rogers [R, MI-8] Aye
Rep. Dana Rohrabacher [R, CA-48] Aye
Rep. Peter J. Roskam [R, IL-6] Nay
Rep. Ileana Ros-Lehtinen [R, FL-27] Aye
Mike Ross Aye
Steven R. Rothman Aye
Rep. Lucille Roybal-Allard [D, CA-40] Aye
Rep. Edward R. Royce [R, CA-39] Aye
Rep. C. A. Dutch Ruppersberger [D, MD-2] Aye
Rep. Bobby L. Rush [D, IL-1] Aye
Rep. Tim Ryan [D, OH-13] Aye
Rep. Paul Ryan [R, WI-1] Nay
John Salazar Aye
Bill Sali Nay
Rep. Loretta Sanchez [D, CA-46] Aye
Rep. Linda T. Sánchez [D, CA-38] Aye
Rep. John P. Sarbanes [D, MD-3] Aye
Jim Saxton Aye
Rep. Steve Scalise [R, LA-1] Aye
Rep. Janice D. Schakowsky [D, IL-9] Aye
Rep. Adam B. Schiff [D, CA-28] Aye
Jean Schmidt Aye
Rep. Allyson Y. Schwartz [D, PA-13] Aye
Rep. David Scott [D, GA-13] Aye
Rep. Robert C. "Bobby" Scott [D, VA-3] Aye
Rep. F. James Sensenbrenner Jr. [R, WI-5] Nay
Rep. José E. Serrano [D, NY-15] Aye
Rep. Pete Sessions [R, TX-32] Aye
Joe Sestak Aye
John Shadegg Nay
Christopher Shays Aye
Rep. Carol Shea-Porter [D, NH-1] Aye
Rep. Brad Sherman [D, CA-30] Aye
Rep. John Shimkus [R, IL-15] Nay
Heath Shuler Abstain
Rep. Bill Shuster [R, PA-9] Aye
Rep. Michael K. Simpson [R, ID-2] Aye
Rep. Albio Sires [D, NJ-8] Aye
Ike Skelton Aye
Rep. Louise McIntosh Slaughter [D, NY-25] Aye
Rep. Adrian Smith [R, NE-3] Aye
Rep. Adam Smith [D, WA-9] Aye
Rep. Lamar Smith [R, TX-21] Aye
Rep. Christopher H. Smith [R, NJ-4] Aye
Vic Snyder Aye
Hilda Solis Aye
Mark Souder Aye
Zack Space Aye
Rep. Jackie Speier [D, CA-14] Aye
John Spratt Aye
Fortney Pete Stark Nay
Cliff Stearns Nay
Bart Stupak Aye
John Sullivan Nay
Betty Sutton Aye
Tom Tancredo Nay
John Tanner Aye
Ellen Tauscher Aye
Gene Taylor Aye
Rep. Lee Terry [R, NE-2] Aye
Rep. Mike Thompson [D, CA-5] Aye
Rep. Bennie G. Thompson [D, MS-2] Aye
Rep. Mac Thornberry [R, TX-13] Aye
Todd Tiahrt Nay
Rep. Patrick J. Tiberi [R, OH-12] Aye
Rep. John F. Tierney [D, MA-6] Aye
Edolphus Towns Aye
Rep. Niki Tsongas [D, MA-3] Aye
Rep. Michael R. Turner [R, OH-10] Aye
Sen. Mark Udall [D, CO] Aye
Sen. Tom Udall [D, NM] Aye
Rep. Fred Upton [R, MI-6] Aye
Rep. Chris Van Hollen [D, MD-8] Aye
Rep. Nydia M. Velázquez [D, NY-7] Aye
Rep. Peter J. Visclosky [D, IN-1] Aye
Rep. Tim Walberg [R, MI-7] Aye
Rep. Greg Walden [R, OR-2] Aye
Jim Walsh Aye
Rep. Timothy J. Walz [D, MN-1] Aye
Zach Wamp Aye
Rep. Debbie Wasserman Schultz [D, FL-23] Aye
Rep. Maxine Waters [D, CA-43] Aye
Diane Watson Abstain
Rep. Melvin L. Watt [D, NC-12] Aye
Rep. Henry A. Waxman [D, CA-33] Aye
Anthony Weiner Aye
Rep. Peter Welch [D, VT-0] Aye
Dave Weldon Nay
Jerry Weller Nay
Rep. Lynn A. Westmoreland [R, GA-3] Aye
Robert Wexler Aye
Rep. Ed Whitfield [R, KY-1] Aye
Heather Wilson Aye
Charles Wilson Aye
Rep. Joe Wilson [R, SC-2] Aye
Rep. Robert J. Wittman [R, VA-1] Aye
Rep. Frank R. Wolf [R, VA-10] Aye
Lynn C. Woolsey Nay
David Wu Aye
Rep. John A. Yarmuth [D, KY-3] Aye
Rep. Don Young [R, AK-0] Aye
Rep. C. W. Bill Young [R, FL-13] Aye

* - Voters marked "No Data" are voters that THOMAS has not associated yet.

** Because of incomplete data, party breakdown visualizations may be inaccurate by one or two votes.

Vote Result

Representatives Voting 'Aye'

Neil Abercrombie
Gary L. Ackerman
Rep. Robert B. Aderholt [R, AL-4]
W. Todd Akin
Rep. Rodney Alexander [R, LA-5]
Tom Allen
Jason Altmire
Rep. Robert E. Andrews [D, NJ-1]
Michael Arcuri
Joe Baca
Rep. Michele Bachmann [R, MN-6]
Rep. Spencer Bachus [R, AL-6]
Brian Baird
Sen. Tammy Baldwin [D, WI]
Rep. John Barrow [D, GA-12]
Roscoe G. Bartlett
Rep. Joe Barton [R, TX-6]
Melissa Bean
Rep. Xavier Becerra [D, CA-34]
Shelley Berkley
Howard L. Berman
Marion Berry
Judy Biggert
Brian P. Bilbray
Rep. Gus M. Bilirakis [R, FL-12]
Rep. Sanford D. Bishop Jr. [D, GA-2]
Rep. Timothy H. Bishop [D, NY-1]
Rep. Jo Bonner [R, AL-1]
Mary Bono Mack
Sen. John Boozman [R, AR]
Dan Boren
Leonard L. Boswell
Rick Boucher
Rep. Charles W. Boustany Jr. [R, LA-3]
Allen Boyd
Nancy Boyda
Rep. Kevin Brady [R, TX-8]
Rep. Robert A. Brady [D, PA-1]
Rep. Bruce L. Braley [D, IA-1]
Henry Brown
Rep. Corrine Brown [D, FL-5]
Ginny Brown-Waite
Rep. Vern Buchanan [R, FL-16]
Rep. Michael C. Burgess [R, TX-26]
Rep. G. K. Butterfield [D, NC-1]
Steve Buyer
Rep. Ken Calvert [R, CA-42]
Rep. Dave Camp [R, MI-4]
Rep. Shelley Moore Capito [R, WV-2]
Rep. Lois Capps [D, CA-24]
Rep. Michael E. Capuano [D, MA-7]
Dennis Cardoza
Russ Carnahan
Christopher Carney
Rep. André Carson [D, IN-7]
Rep. John R. Carter [R, TX-31]
Michael Castle
Rep. Kathy Castor [D, FL-14]
Donald Cazayoux
Rep. Steve Chabot [R, OH-1]
Ben Chandler
Travis Childers
Rep. Yvette D. Clarke [D, NY-9]
Rep. Wm. Lacy Clay [D, MO-1]
Rep. Emanuel Cleaver [D, MO-5]
Rep. James E. Clyburn [D, SC-6]
Rep. Howard Coble [R, NC-6]
Rep. Steve Cohen [D, TN-9]
Rep. Tom Cole [R, OK-4]
Rep. K. Michael Conaway [R, TX-11]
Rep. John Conyers Jr. [D, MI-13]
Rep. Jim Cooper [D, TN-5]
Rep. Jim Costa [D, CA-16]
Jerry F. Costello
Rep. Joe Courtney [D, CT-2]
Bud Cramer
Rep. Ander Crenshaw [R, FL-4]
Rep. Joseph Crowley [D, NY-14]
Rep. Henry Cuellar [D, TX-28]
Rep. John Abney Culberson [R, TX-7]
Rep. Elijah E. Cummings [D, MD-7]
Tom Davis
Artur Davis
Rep. Susan A. Davis [D, CA-53]
Rep. Danny K. Davis [D, IL-7]
Lincoln Davis
Rep. Diana DeGette [D, CO-1]
Bill Delahunt
Rep. Rosa L. DeLauro [D, CT-3]
Rep. Charles W. Dent [R, PA-15]
Rep. Mario Diaz-Balart [R, FL-25]
Lincoln Diaz-Balart
Norman D. Dicks
Rep. John D. Dingell [D, MI-12]
Rep. Lloyd Doggett [D, TX-35]
Sen. Joe Donnelly [D, IN]
John Doolittle
Rep. Michael F. Doyle [D, PA-14]
Thelma Drake
David Dreier
Chet Edwards
Vernon Ehlers
Rep. Keith Ellison [D, MN-5]
Brad Ellsworth
Rahm Emanuel
Jo Ann Emerson
Rep. Eliot L. Engel [D, NY-16]
Phil English
Rep. Anna G. Eshoo [D, CA-18]
Bob Etheridge
Terry Everett
Mary Fallin
Rep. Sam Farr [D, CA-20]
Rep. Chaka Fattah [D, PA-2]
Tom Feeney
Mike Ferguson
Bob Filner
Rep. J. Randy Forbes [R, VA-4]
Rep. Jeff Fortenberry [R, NE-1]
Rep. Bill Foster [D, IL-11]
Barney Frank
Rep. Rodney P. Frelinghuysen [R, NJ-11]
Elton Gallegly
Rep. Jim Gerlach [R, PA-6]
Gabrielle Giffords
Wayne Gilchrest
Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand [D, NY]
Rep. Phil Gingrey [R, GA-11]
Rep. Louie Gohmert [R, TX-1]
Charles A. Gonzalez
Bart Gordon
Rep. Kay Granger [R, TX-12]
Rep. Sam Graves [R, MO-6]
Rep. Gene Green [D, TX-29]
Rep. Al Green [D, TX-9]
Rep. Raúl M. Grijalva [D, AZ-3]
Rep. Luis V. Gutierrez [D, IL-4]
John Hall
Rep. Ralph M. Hall [R, TX-4]
Phil Hare
Jane Harman
Rep. Alcee L. Hastings [D, FL-20]
Robin Hayes
Sen. Dean Heller [R, NV]
Stephanie Herseth Sandlin
Rep. Brian Higgins [D, NY-26]
Baron Hill
Maurice D. Hinchey
Rep. Rubén Hinojosa [D, TX-15]
Sen. Mazie K. Hirono [D, HI]
Dave Hobson
Paul Hodes
Pete Hoekstra
Tim Holden
Rep. Rush Holt [D, NJ-12]
Rep. Michael M. Honda [D, CA-17]
Darlene Hooley
Rep. Steny H. Hoyer [D, MD-5]
Kenny Hulshof
Duncan Hunter
Jay Inslee
Rep. Steve Israel [D, NY-3]
Jesse L. Jackson Jr.
Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee [D, TX-18]
Rep. Eddie Bernice Johnson [D, TX-30]
Rep. Sam Johnson [R, TX-3]
Rep. Henry C. "Hank" Johnson Jr. [D, GA-4]
Steve Kagen
Paul Kanjorski
Rep. Marcy Kaptur [D, OH-9]
Ric Keller
Patrick Kennedy
Dale E. Kildee
Carolyn Kilpatrick
Rep. Ron Kind [D, WI-3]
Rep. Peter T. King [R, NY-2]
Rep. Jack Kingston [R, GA-1]
Sen. Mark Kirk [R, IL]
Ron Klein
Rep. John Kline [R, MN-2]
Joe Knollenberg
Randy Kuhl
Ray LaHood
Nick Lampson
Rep. James R. Langevin [D, RI-2]
Rep. Rick Larsen [D, WA-2]
Rep. John B. Larson [D, CT-1]
Rep. Tom Latham [R, IA-3]
Steven C. LaTourette
Rep. Robert E. Latta [R, OH-5]
Rep. Sander M. Levin [D, MI-9]
Rep. John Lewis [D, GA-5]
Ron Lewis
Jerry Lewis
Rep. Daniel Lipinski [D, IL-3]
Rep. Frank A. LoBiondo [R, NJ-2]
Rep. David Loebsack [D, IA-2]
Rep. Zoe Lofgren [D, CA-19]
Rep. Nita M. Lowey [D, NY-17]
Rep. Frank D. Lucas [R, OK-3]
Daniel E. Lungren
Rep. Stephen F. Lynch [D, MA-8]
Tim Mahoney
Rep. Carolyn B. Maloney [D, NY-12]
Donald A. Manzullo
Rep. Kenny Marchant [R, TX-24]
Rep. Edward J. Markey [D, MA-5]
Jim Marshall
Rep. Jim Matheson [D, UT-4]
Rep. Doris O. Matsui [D, CA-6]
Rep. Kevin McCarthy [R, CA-23]
Rep. Carolyn McCarthy [D, NY-4]
Rep. Michael T. McCaul [R, TX-10]
Rep. Betty McCollum [D, MN-4]
Thad McCotter
Jim McCrery
Rep. James P. McGovern [D, MA-2]
Rep. Patrick T. McHenry [R, NC-10]
John McHugh
Rep. Mike McIntyre [D, NC-7]
Rep. Howard P. "Buck" McKeon [R, CA-25]
Rep. Cathy McMorris Rodgers [R, WA-5]
Rep. Jerry McNerney [D, CA-9]
Michael McNulty
Kendrick Meek
Rep. Gregory W. Meeks [D, NY-5]
Charles Melancon
Rep. Michael H. Michaud [D, ME-2]
Rep. Gary G. Miller [R, CA-31]
Brad Miller
Rep. Candice S. Miller [R, MI-10]
Rep. Jeff Miller [R, FL-1]
Rep. George Miller [D, CA-11]
Harry Mitchell
Alan Mollohan
Dennis Moore
Rep. Gwen Moore [D, WI-4]
Rep. James P. Moran [D, VA-8]
Sen. Christopher Murphy [D, CT]
Patrick Murphy
Rep. Tim Murphy [R, PA-18]
John Murtha
Marilyn Musgrave
Sue Wilkins Myrick
Rep. Jerrold Nadler [D, NY-10]
Rep. Grace F. Napolitano [D, CA-32]
Rep. Richard E. Neal [D, MA-1]
Rep. Randy Neugebauer [R, TX-19]
Rep. Devin Nunes [R, CA-22]
James Oberstar
Dave Obey
John W. Olver
Solomon Ortiz
Rep. Frank Pallone Jr. [D, NJ-6]
Rep. Bill Pascrell Jr. [D, NJ-9]
Rep. Ed Pastor [D, AZ-7]
Donald Payne
Rep. Stevan Pearce [R, NM-2]
Rep. Ed Perlmutter [D, CO-7]
Rep. Collin C. Peterson [D, MN-7]
John Peterson
Chip Pickering
Todd Russell Platts
Rep. Ted Poe [R, TX-2]
Earl Pomeroy
Jon Porter
Rep. David E. Price [D, NC-4]
Deborah Pryce
Adam Putnam
George Radanovich
Rep. Nick J. Rahall II [D, WV-3]
Jim Ramstad
Rep. Charles B. Rangel [D, NY-13]
Ralph Regula
Denny Rehberg
Rep. David G. Reichert [R, WA-8]
Rick Renzi
Silvestre Reyes
Thomas Reynolds
Laura Richardson
Ciro Rodriguez
Rep. Harold Rogers [R, KY-5]
Rep. Mike Rogers [R, AL-3]
Rep. Mike Rogers [R, MI-8]
Rep. Dana Rohrabacher [R, CA-48]
Rep. Ileana Ros-Lehtinen [R, FL-27]
Mike Ross
Steven R. Rothman
Rep. Lucille Roybal-Allard [D, CA-40]
Rep. Edward R. Royce [R, CA-39]
Rep. C. A. Dutch Ruppersberger [D, MD-2]
Rep. Bobby L. Rush [D, IL-1]
Rep. Tim Ryan [D, OH-13]
John Salazar
Rep. Loretta Sanchez [D, CA-46]
Rep. Linda T. Sánchez [D, CA-38]
Rep. John P. Sarbanes [D, MD-3]
Jim Saxton
Rep. Steve Scalise [R, LA-1]
Rep. Janice D. Schakowsky [D, IL-9]
Rep. Adam B. Schiff [D, CA-28]
Jean Schmidt
Rep. Allyson Y. Schwartz [D, PA-13]
Rep. David Scott [D, GA-13]
Rep. Robert C. "Bobby" Scott [D, VA-3]
Rep. José E. Serrano [D, NY-15]
Rep. Pete Sessions [R, TX-32]
Joe Sestak
Christopher Shays
Rep. Carol Shea-Porter [D, NH-1]
Rep. Brad Sherman [D, CA-30]
Rep. Bill Shuster [R, PA-9]
Rep. Michael K. Simpson [R, ID-2]
Rep. Albio Sires [D, NJ-8]
Ike Skelton
Rep. Louise McIntosh Slaughter [D, NY-25]
Rep. Adrian Smith [R, NE-3]
Rep. Adam Smith [D, WA-9]
Rep. Lamar Smith [R, TX-21]
Rep. Christopher H. Smith [R, NJ-4]
Vic Snyder
Hilda Solis
Mark Souder
Zack Space
Rep. Jackie Speier [D, CA-14]
John Spratt
Bart Stupak
Betty Sutton
John Tanner
Ellen Tauscher
Gene Taylor
Rep. Lee Terry [R, NE-2]
Rep. Mike Thompson [D, CA-5]
Rep. Bennie G. Thompson [D, MS-2]
Rep. Mac Thornberry [R, TX-13]
Rep. Patrick J. Tiberi [R, OH-12]
Rep. John F. Tierney [D, MA-6]
Edolphus Towns
Rep. Niki Tsongas [D, MA-3]
Rep. Michael R. Turner [R, OH-10]
Sen. Mark Udall [D, CO]
Sen. Tom Udall [D, NM]
Rep. Fred Upton [R, MI-6]
Rep. Chris Van Hollen [D, MD-8]
Rep. Nydia M. Velázquez [D, NY-7]
Rep. Peter J. Visclosky [D, IN-1]
Rep. Tim Walberg [R, MI-7]
Rep. Greg Walden [R, OR-2]
Jim Walsh
Rep. Timothy J. Walz [D, MN-1]
Zach Wamp
Rep. Debbie Wasserman Schultz [D, FL-23]
Rep. Maxine Waters [D, CA-43]
Rep. Melvin L. Watt [D, NC-12]
Rep. Henry A. Waxman [D, CA-33]
Anthony Weiner
Rep. Peter Welch [D, VT-0]
Rep. Lynn A. Westmoreland [R, GA-3]
Robert Wexler
Rep. Ed Whitfield [R, KY-1]
Heather Wilson
Charles Wilson
Rep. Joe Wilson [R, SC-2]
Rep. Robert J. Wittman [R, VA-1]
Rep. Frank R. Wolf [R, VA-10]
David Wu
Rep. John A. Yarmuth [D, KY-3]
Rep. Don Young [R, AK-0]
Rep. C. W. Bill Young [R, FL-13]

Votes by Party

Democrats Voting 'Aye'

Neil Abercrombie
Gary L. Ackerman
Tom Allen
Jason Altmire
Rep. Robert E. Andrews [D, NJ-1]
Michael Arcuri
Joe Baca
Brian Baird
Sen. Tammy Baldwin [D, WI]
Rep. John Barrow [D, GA-12]
Melissa Bean
Rep. Xavier Becerra [D, CA-34]
Shelley Berkley
Howard L. Berman
Marion Berry
Rep. Sanford D. Bishop Jr. [D, GA-2]
Rep. Timothy H. Bishop [D, NY-1]
Dan Boren
Leonard L. Boswell
Rick Boucher
Allen Boyd
Nancy Boyda
Rep. Robert A. Brady [D, PA-1]
Rep. Bruce L. Braley [D, IA-1]
Rep. Corrine Brown [D, FL-5]
Rep. G. K. Butterfield [D, NC-1]
Rep. Lois Capps [D, CA-24]
Rep. Michael E. Capuano [D, MA-7]
Dennis Cardoza
Russ Carnahan
Christopher Carney
Rep. André Carson [D, IN-7]
Rep. Kathy Castor [D, FL-14]
Donald Cazayoux
Ben Chandler
Travis Childers
Rep. Yvette D. Clarke [D, NY-9]
Rep. Wm. Lacy Clay [D, MO-1]
Rep. Emanuel Cleaver [D, MO-5]
Rep. James E. Clyburn [D, SC-6]
Rep. Steve Cohen [D, TN-9]
Rep. John Conyers Jr. [D, MI-13]
Rep. Jim Cooper [D, TN-5]
Rep. Jim Costa [D, CA-16]
Jerry F. Costello
Rep. Joe Courtney [D, CT-2]
Bud Cramer
Rep. Joseph Crowley [D, NY-14]
Rep. Henry Cuellar [D, TX-28]
Rep. Elijah E. Cummings [D, MD-7]
Artur Davis
Rep. Susan A. Davis [D, CA-53]
Rep. Danny K. Davis [D, IL-7]
Lincoln Davis
Rep. Diana DeGette [D, CO-1]
Bill Delahunt
Rep. Rosa L. DeLauro [D, CT-3]
Norman D. Dicks
Rep. John D. Dingell [D, MI-12]
Rep. Lloyd Doggett [D, TX-35]
Sen. Joe Donnelly [D, IN]
Rep. Michael F. Doyle [D, PA-14]
Chet Edwards
Rep. Keith Ellison [D, MN-5]
Brad Ellsworth
Rahm Emanuel
Rep. Eliot L. Engel [D, NY-16]
Rep. Anna G. Eshoo [D, CA-18]
Bob Etheridge
Rep. Sam Farr [D, CA-20]
Rep. Chaka Fattah [D, PA-2]
Bob Filner
Rep. Bill Foster [D, IL-11]
Barney Frank
Gabrielle Giffords
Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand [D, NY]
Charles A. Gonzalez
Bart Gordon
Rep. Gene Green [D, TX-29]
Rep. Al Green [D, TX-9]
Rep. Raúl M. Grijalva [D, AZ-3]
Rep. Luis V. Gutierrez [D, IL-4]
John Hall
Phil Hare
Jane Harman
Rep. Alcee L. Hastings [D, FL-20]
Stephanie Herseth Sandlin
Rep. Brian Higgins [D, NY-26]
Baron Hill
Maurice D. Hinchey
Rep. Rubén Hinojosa [D, TX-15]
Sen. Mazie K. Hirono [D, HI]
Paul Hodes
Tim Holden
Rep. Rush Holt [D, NJ-12]
Rep. Michael M. Honda [D, CA-17]
Darlene Hooley
Rep. Steny H. Hoyer [D, MD-5]
Jay Inslee
Rep. Steve Israel [D, NY-3]
Jesse L. Jackson Jr.
Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee [D, TX-18]
Rep. Eddie Bernice Johnson [D, TX-30]
Rep. Henry C. "Hank" Johnson Jr. [D, GA-4]
Steve Kagen
Paul Kanjorski
Rep. Marcy Kaptur [D, OH-9]
Patrick Kennedy
Dale E. Kildee
Carolyn Kilpatrick
Rep. Ron Kind [D, WI-3]
Ron Klein
Nick Lampson
Rep. James R. Langevin [D, RI-2]
Rep. Rick Larsen [D, WA-2]
Rep. John B. Larson [D, CT-1]
Rep. Sander M. Levin [D, MI-9]
Rep. John Lewis [D, GA-5]
Rep. Daniel Lipinski [D, IL-3]
Rep. David Loebsack [D, IA-2]
Rep. Zoe Lofgren [D, CA-19]
Rep. Nita M. Lowey [D, NY-17]
Rep. Stephen F. Lynch [D, MA-8]
Tim Mahoney
Rep. Carolyn B. Maloney [D, NY-12]
Rep. Edward J. Markey [D, MA-5]
Jim Marshall
Rep. Jim Matheson [D, UT-4]
Rep. Doris O. Matsui [D, CA-6]
Rep. Carolyn McCarthy [D, NY-4]
Rep. Betty McCollum [D, MN-4]
Rep. James P. McGovern [D, MA-2]
Rep. Mike McIntyre [D, NC-7]
Rep. Jerry McNerney [D, CA-9]
Michael McNulty
Kendrick Meek
Rep. Gregory W. Meeks [D, NY-5]
Charles Melancon
Rep. Michael H. Michaud [D, ME-2]
Brad Miller
Rep. George Miller [D, CA-11]
Harry Mitchell
Alan Mollohan
Dennis Moore
Rep. Gwen Moore [D, WI-4]
Rep. James P. Moran [D, VA-8]
Sen. Christopher Murphy [D, CT]
Patrick Murphy
John Murtha
Rep. Jerrold Nadler [D, NY-10]
Rep. Grace F. Napolitano [D, CA-32]
Rep. Richard E. Neal [D, MA-1]
James Oberstar
Dave Obey
John W. Olver
Solomon Ortiz
Rep. Frank Pallone Jr. [D, NJ-6]
Rep. Bill Pascrell Jr. [D, NJ-9]
Rep. Ed Pastor [D, AZ-7]
Donald Payne
Rep. Ed Perlmutter [D, CO-7]
Rep. Collin C. Peterson [D, MN-7]
Earl Pomeroy
Rep. David E. Price [D, NC-4]
Rep. Nick J. Rahall II [D, WV-3]
Rep. Charles B. Rangel [D, NY-13]
Silvestre Reyes
Laura Richardson
Ciro Rodriguez
Mike Ross
Steven R. Rothman
Rep. Lucille Roybal-Allard [D, CA-40]
Rep. C. A. Dutch Ruppersberger [D, MD-2]
Rep. Bobby L. Rush [D, IL-1]
Rep. Tim Ryan [D, OH-13]
John Salazar
Rep. Loretta Sanchez [D, CA-46]
Rep. Linda T. Sánchez [D, CA-38]
Rep. John P. Sarbanes [D, MD-3]
Rep. Janice D. Schakowsky [D, IL-9]
Rep. Adam B. Schiff [D, CA-28]
Rep. Allyson Y. Schwartz [D, PA-13]
Rep. David Scott [D, GA-13]
Rep. Robert C. "Bobby" Scott [D, VA-3]
Rep. José E. Serrano [D, NY-15]
Joe Sestak
Rep. Carol Shea-Porter [D, NH-1]
Rep. Brad Sherman [D, CA-30]
Rep. Albio Sires [D, NJ-8]
Ike Skelton
Rep. Louise McIntosh Slaughter [D, NY-25]
Rep. Adam Smith [D, WA-9]
Vic Snyder
Hilda Solis
Zack Space
Rep. Jackie Speier [D, CA-14]
John Spratt
Bart Stupak
Betty Sutton
John Tanner
Ellen Tauscher
Gene Taylor
Rep. Mike Thompson [D, CA-5]
Rep. Bennie G. Thompson [D, MS-2]
Rep. John F. Tierney [D, MA-6]
Edolphus Towns
Rep. Niki Tsongas [D, MA-3]
Sen. Mark Udall [D, CO]
Sen. Tom Udall [D, NM]
Rep. Chris Van Hollen [D, MD-8]
Rep. Nydia M. Velázquez [D, NY-7]
Rep. Peter J. Visclosky [D, IN-1]
Rep. Timothy J. Walz [D, MN-1]
Rep. Debbie Wasserman Schultz [D, FL-23]
Rep. Maxine Waters [D, CA-43]
Rep. Melvin L. Watt [D, NC-12]
Rep. Henry A. Waxman [D, CA-33]
Anthony Weiner
Rep. Peter Welch [D, VT-0]
Robert Wexler
Charles Wilson
David Wu
Rep. John A. Yarmuth [D, KY-3]

Republicans Voting 'Aye'

Rep. Robert B. Aderholt [R, AL-4]
W. Todd Akin
Rep. Rodney Alexander [R, LA-5]
Rep. Michele Bachmann [R, MN-6]
Rep. Spencer Bachus [R, AL-6]
Roscoe G. Bartlett
Rep. Joe Barton [R, TX-6]
Judy Biggert
Brian P. Bilbray
Rep. Gus M. Bilirakis [R, FL-12]
Rep. Jo Bonner [R, AL-1]
Mary Bono Mack
Sen. John Boozman [R, AR]
Rep. Charles W. Boustany Jr. [R, LA-3]
Rep. Kevin Brady [R, TX-8]
Henry Brown
Ginny Brown-Waite
Rep. Vern Buchanan [R, FL-16]
Rep. Michael C. Burgess [R, TX-26]
Steve Buyer
Rep. Ken Calvert [R, CA-42]
Rep. Dave Camp [R, MI-4]
Rep. Shelley Moore Capito [R, WV-2]
Rep. John R. Carter [R, TX-31]
Michael Castle
Rep. Steve Chabot [R, OH-1]
Rep. Howard Coble [R, NC-6]
Rep. Tom Cole [R, OK-4]
Rep. K. Michael Conaway [R, TX-11]
Rep. Ander Crenshaw [R, FL-4]
Rep. John Abney Culberson [R, TX-7]
Tom Davis
Rep. Charles W. Dent [R, PA-15]
Rep. Mario Diaz-Balart [R, FL-25]
Lincoln Diaz-Balart
John Doolittle
Thelma Drake
David Dreier
Vernon Ehlers
Jo Ann Emerson
Phil English
Terry Everett
Mary Fallin
Tom Feeney
Mike Ferguson
Rep. J. Randy Forbes [R, VA-4]
Rep. Jeff Fortenberry [R, NE-1]
Rep. Rodney P. Frelinghuysen [R, NJ-11]
Elton Gallegly
Rep. Jim Gerlach [R, PA-6]
Wayne Gilchrest
Rep. Phil Gingrey [R, GA-11]
Rep. Louie Gohmert [R, TX-1]
Rep. Kay Granger [R, TX-12]
Rep. Sam Graves [R, MO-6]
Rep. Ralph M. Hall [R, TX-4]
Robin Hayes
Sen. Dean Heller [R, NV]
Dave Hobson
Pete Hoekstra
Kenny Hulshof
Duncan Hunter
Rep. Sam Johnson [R, TX-3]
Ric Keller
Rep. Peter T. King [R, NY-2]
Rep. Jack Kingston [R, GA-1]
Sen. Mark Kirk [R, IL]
Rep. John Kline [R, MN-2]
Joe Knollenberg
Randy Kuhl
Ray LaHood
Rep. Tom Latham [R, IA-3]
Steven C. LaTourette
Rep. Robert E. Latta [R, OH-5]
Ron Lewis
Jerry Lewis
Rep. Frank A. LoBiondo [R, NJ-2]
Rep. Frank D. Lucas [R, OK-3]
Daniel E. Lungren
Donald A. Manzullo
Rep. Kenny Marchant [R, TX-24]
Rep. Kevin McCarthy [R, CA-23]
Rep. Michael T. McCaul [R, TX-10]
Thad McCotter
Jim McCrery
Rep. Patrick T. McHenry [R, NC-10]
John McHugh
Rep. Howard P. "Buck" McKeon [R, CA-25]
Rep. Cathy McMorris Rodgers [R, WA-5]
Rep. Gary G. Miller [R, CA-31]
Rep. Candice S. Miller [R, MI-10]
Rep. Jeff Miller [R, FL-1]
Rep. Tim Murphy [R, PA-18]
Marilyn Musgrave
Sue Wilkins Myrick
Rep. Randy Neugebauer [R, TX-19]
Rep. Devin Nunes [R, CA-22]
Rep. Stevan Pearce [R, NM-2]
John Peterson
Chip Pickering
Todd Russell Platts
Rep. Ted Poe [R, TX-2]
Jon Porter
Deborah Pryce
Adam Putnam
George Radanovich
Jim Ramstad
Ralph Regula
Denny Rehberg
Rep. David G. Reichert [R, WA-8]
Rick Renzi
Thomas Reynolds
Rep. Harold Rogers [R, KY-5]
Rep. Mike Rogers [R, AL-3]
Rep. Mike Rogers [R, MI-8]
Rep. Dana Rohrabacher [R, CA-48]
Rep. Ileana Ros-Lehtinen [R, FL-27]
Rep. Edward R. Royce [R, CA-39]
Jim Saxton
Rep. Steve Scalise [R, LA-1]
Jean Schmidt
Rep. Pete Sessions [R, TX-32]
Christopher Shays
Rep. Bill Shuster [R, PA-9]
Rep. Michael K. Simpson [R, ID-2]
Rep. Adrian Smith [R, NE-3]
Rep. Lamar Smith [R, TX-21]
Rep. Christopher H. Smith [R, NJ-4]
Mark Souder
Rep. Lee Terry [R, NE-2]
Rep. Mac Thornberry [R, TX-13]
Rep. Patrick J. Tiberi [R, OH-12]
Rep. Michael R. Turner [R, OH-10]
Rep. Fred Upton [R, MI-6]
Rep. Tim Walberg [R, MI-7]
Rep. Greg Walden [R, OR-2]
Jim Walsh
Zach Wamp
Rep. Lynn A. Westmoreland [R, GA-3]
Rep. Ed Whitfield [R, KY-1]
Heather Wilson
Rep. Joe Wilson [R, SC-2]
Rep. Robert J. Wittman [R, VA-1]
Rep. Frank R. Wolf [R, VA-10]
Rep. Don Young [R, AK-0]
Rep. C. W. Bill Young [R, FL-13]

Others Voting 'Aye'

Others Voting 'Nay'

Republicans Voting 'Abstain'

Rep. Rob Bishop [R, UT-1]

Others Voting 'Abstain'

OpenCongress is a free and open-source project of the Participatory Politics Foundation, a 501(c)3 non-profit organization with a mission to increase civic engagement. The non-profit Sunlight Foundation is the Founding and Primary Supporter of OpenCongress.